Emotion regulation refers to the processes by which individuals influence which emotions they have, when they have them, and how they experience and express these emotions. It involves a set of skills and strategies used to manage, modulate, or respond to emotional experiences in ways that align with personal goals, social norms, or situational demands. According to foundational work by researchers like James Gross, emotion regulation encompasses both conscious and unconscious efforts to increase, decrease, or maintain emotions, and it can occur before, during, or after an emotional response.
Key aspects of emotion regulation include:
Effective emotion regulation promotes psychological well-being, adaptive behavior, and social functioning, while difficulties in these processes can lead to challenges like anxiety, depression, or impulsive behaviors.
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